LIVING THINGS AND THEIR PARTS

Features of Living Things: (must have all of these features to be considered a living thing)

Living Things….

• ____________________: Form offspring similar to parents

• ____________________: Increase in size

• ____________________: Change in shape or form (Example: a frog)

• ____________________:

* ___________________ - eat other living things (carnivores eat meat; herbivores eat plants)

* ___________________ - make their own food (plants = photosynthesis)

• ____________________: Ability to move

* ___________________ - Process by which food is broken down & energy is released.

• ____________________: (Basic unit of all living things)

• ____________________: Example - plants grow toward the light

• ____________________: To be able to survive in their environment (Example - Polar bears have thick fur & layers of fat to live in the arctic region)

______________________: All the living & non-living things surrounding an organism.

CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

Living things are made of _____________________, which is anything that has mass and takes up space.

Matter is made of particles called _____________________, which make up

______________________.

An _____________________ is a substance the is made up of only one kind of atom. (Ex: Hydrogen & Oxygen)

Scientists use a certain symbol for each element. These symbols can be located in the

__________________________________________.

6
C
Carbon
12.011

A _______________________ is two or more elements joined together. The chemical formula for a molecule of water is H₂O.

Counting atoms in a formula: # Hydrogen atoms = _______; # Oxygen atoms = _______

A _______________________ is the smallest part of a compound.

The symbol for Oxygen is ______, and the symbol for Hydrogen is ______.

Six elements that make up living things:

The Cell Theory

Mattias Schleiden & Theodor Schwann formed the hypothesis that all living things had cells. Their experiments led to the development of the Cell Theory:

CELL PARTS AND THEIR JOBS

Turn to page 33 in your text book, and define the following parts of the cell by studying the pictures of a plant & animal cell. Also indicate which structures can be found in plant cells ONLY.

Nucleus:

Functions of Nucleus:

Cell Wall:

Cell Parts Concept Map (in class)

How do necessary substances, such as food, water, and oxygen get into the cell?

Diffusion

The movement of _________________ from areas of ______________ concentration to areas of _______________ concentration.

(Figures 2-10 & 2-11; textbook pages 38-39)

Osmosis

The movement of __________________ across the cell membrane from areas of _________________ concentration to areas of ______________ concentration.

Osmosis is important to cells because:

What would happen if you placed a cucumber into salt water? Let's find out!

Organization of Living Things

Some living things are made of only one cell.

In living things made of many cells, the cells are organized into ________________.

The cells of each group do special jobs.

Organizational Hierarchy

_____________________: Microscopic units that make up all living things.

_____________________: A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a special job.

_____________________: A group of tissues that work together to do a job.

_____________________: A group of organs that work together to do a certain job.

_____________________: All the organ systems working together to make up a living thing.