CHAPTER 8 COMPLEX ANIMALS
Complex Invertebrates
___________________________________________________________ (EX: Insects, spiders,
crayfish)
- Have an _______________________, a skeleton on the _________________ of the body made of
hard, waterproof, nonliving substances. It also ________________ body from injury and
drying out, and provides a place for __________________ to ____________________.
- ___________________ symmetry
- Have ___________________________________, or structures that grow out of an animals
body. Examples of appendages are ____________, ____________, & ________________. They
______________ to allow quick movement
- ______ % of all known animal types on earth are Arthropods
- __________________ is a process of shedding an exoskeleton. This is essential for
arthropods to _______________.
5 Classes of Arthropods (Jointed Leg Animals):
_________________________________________________
- Have ______________ that __________, __________ & __________ food
- 2 pairs of _____________________ (appendages on head for sensing smell & touch)
- _____________________ eyes for seeing. These eyes have ____________ lenses
- 2 ________________________:
- 5 _______________________ for walking
- 1 _________________ pair of legs at ____________ for _______________ &
_________________ food
_________________________________________________
- 4 pairs of _______________________
- ________________ eyes. These eyes have ___________ lens
- No _________________
- 2 _________________________:
- Feeding Mechanism
: Trap food in _______ -> bite ________ -> inject
____________ - > _________ prey -> ________ prey
- _____________ are dangerous to humans
_________________________________________________
- Have a ____________, long & _________________ body, __________ legs
- "________" (centi) "__________" (pede)
- __________ legs maximum
- ___________________ on ___________ segment are _____________ claws used to capture
____________
- eat _____________ (carnivores)
- _____ pairs legs/ segment
- Can be ______________________ to humans
_________________________________________________
- Have a ____________, long & _________________ body, __________ legs
- "____________" (milli) "____________" (pede)
- __________ moving
- eat ______________________________ (herbivores)
- no __________________ claws (not dangerous to humans)
- _____ pairs legs/ segment
_________________________________________________
- ________________ class of Arthropods more types of ______________ than all other
animals combined!!!
- Live ___________________ (air, ocean, mountains
)
- Many ________________ & __________________
- _____________ varies according to type of _____________________ (chewing, sucking,
lapping)
- Body has _____ main parts:
- _____ pairs ______________ legs
- 2 ___________________ eyes & 3 __________________ eyes
- 1 pair of ______________________
- several ____________________
- Only ______________________ that can fly
- Reproduce
___________________ by eggs & sperm
- Have ____________________________
- HELPFUL
in the following ways:
* eat harmful insects for ______________
* ___________ eat aphids that feed on _____________
* __________ carry ____________ from flower -> flower
* __________ produce honey
- HARMFUL
in the following ways:
* ______________ crops
* ____________ eat _____________
* _____________ destroy ______________
* _________________ carry _____________ & cause _______________
___________________________________________________________ (EX: Sea Urchin, Sand
Dollar, Starfish)
- 5 part ______________________
- _____________________ symmetry
- _______________
- Starfish have _________________ -> suction cups on the bottom of starfish that help
it ____________, _______________ to rocks, & get ____________
- Starfish reproduce __________________ with separate sexes by _________ &
___________.
- Also reproduce __________________ by _________________ arms that are removed.
Vertebrates
_____________________ - A phylum in which an animal has a tough, flexible rod along its
back.
- Live on ______________ or in ________________
- Have an _____________________ - a skeleton on the _________________ of the body that
allows for growth of an organism (unlike an exoskeleton)
- In most vertebrates, the ______________ along the back is replaced by a
______________________
- ____________________ animals on earth
- well developed _______________ ___________________
- ____________________ system with a ______________ & _______________ vessels
- ____________________ system to change ____________ into a useful form
- ____________________ system for support
- ____________________ system for gas exchange
- ____________________ system for control
- _______________ brains, _______________ intelligent
7 Classes of Vertebrates in the Chordate Phylum
_____________________________ ______________________________
_____________________________ ______________________________
_____________________________ ______________________________
_____________________________
General Fish Characteristics:
- ______________ - blooded, or having a body temperature that changes with the temperature
of surroundings
- Live in ________________, breathe with ______________. Water is pumped into
_____________ -> ______________ picked up in _____________ -> Excess water leaves
through __________ slits
- Most fish have _______________ to ______________________________ their bodies
- Have _______________ to help fish to _______________ from side to side when
____________________
- ________________________ runs along each side of the body -> detects water movement
& presence of objects
- 3 Classes of FISH: ____________________________, ________________________________,
______________________________
7 Classes of Vertebrates
_________________________________________________ (EX: Lamprey)
- no ____________
- no _______________
- ___________________ skeleton. ________________ is a tough, flexible tissue that supports
& shapes the body
- _____________ skin
- No ______________________
- Feeding Mechanism:
Lamprey are ________________. They ____________ to other
__________ with sharp, _________________ structures which cut _____________ in the
_______________. They then ___________ out _______________ & _________________________
_________________________________________________ (EX: Sharks & Rays)
- _________________ skeleton
- _________________
- __________________ scales on the body
- Paired _____________
- __________________ have ______________ bodies, paired ____________, Rows of
________________________ to hold & cut up ______________.
- _________________ are ______________, live on the _______________ bottom, eat
____________ & invertebrates in the ocean, most are _________________ to humans, but
some ______________________ have ___________________ tails that can cause a painful wound.
_________________________________________________ (EX: Perch, Bass, Flounder, Trout)
- _________________ skeleton
- smooth, ________________ scales on body to provide ___________________ against
_________________ & _____________________. Scales are covered with a ________________
____________________ to help them ____________________through _________________.
- Have a ___________________________, a baglike pouch that fills with gas to allow fish to
adjust their depth in the water (go up & down in water)
- Reproduce via _____________________________________: the _______________ lays eggs in
the water, _______________ deposits sperm, and the egg gets ____________________ in the
water. Fertilization & development occur OUTSIDE the mothers body.
_________________________________________________ - An animal that lives part of its
life on land, part in water. (Ex: Frogs, Toads, Salamanders)
- _________________ amphibian lives __________________ - > ________________ amphibian
lives ___________________
- Adults need to remain in _______________ areas so skin wont ____________________
- Reproduce via ____________________________________
- ______________ - blooded (Their body temperature can change to the temperature of their
surroundings). They also ____________________ during cold weather, which means they are
__________________ during cold weather, and eat no food & use very little oxygen.
- They help ____________________ insect populations by eating them
- Used in ____________________ research, eaten by Reptiles, Birds, & Mammals
A Tadpole develops into a frog
.
Tadpole |
Frog |
Live in _______________ |
Live on ___________, in
____________ areas |
Breathe with
_____________ (take in oxygen) |
Breathe with
_____________ |
Have ______________ |
Have no _____________ |
- __________________ have a _________________ mouth with a ________________ tongue to
catch ___________________
- 2 pairs of ________________ (____________ legs more powerful for _________________)
- _____________________ feet for swimming
- _______________ stick out from head (__________________ mechanism, to ________________
prey)
- ___________________ have a ____________ all throughout their lives
- 2 pairs of __________________ are the _______________ size
- Live only in _________________ places
- Keep ____________________ throughout life
_________________________________________________ - AN animal that has dry, scaly skin
& can live on land. (EX: snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, alligators)
- ____________ - blooded vertebrates
- Have a ______________________ & _________________________
- ___________________ skin protects and prevents _________________________
- ___________________ skin covered by ______________ plates
- well developed _____________________
- 2 pairs _________________ & _________________________ for running, climbing &
digging nests in the soil (snakes & some lizards dont have legs)
- move ___________________
- Reptile _______________ has tough, _____________________ shell to __________________ it
& keep it from _______________________ out.
- Eggs are laid on ___________________
- Many reptiles live in ___________________
- Eat ___________________, ______________________, ________________________
- Eaten by ______________________
_________________________________________________
- Have ___________________, a ____________________, 2 __________________ & a covering
of __________________________
- ____________________ on legs
- ____________________ on toes
- well-developed _________________
- Young develop inside _______________
- Adapted for ___________________: __________________ bones (light), _____________________
muscles. Some do NOT fly (Ex: Ostrich)
- _______________ - blooded (They control their body ______________________ so that it
stays the _____________no matter what the temperature of the surroundings)
- ______________________ help keep the body temperature constant
- Have ________________ to get food
- Can be HELPFUL to farmers & humans: food source, kill destructive insects in
crops
_________________________________________________ - An animal that has hair & feeds
milk to its young (EX: Humans Homo sapiens)
- ______________ - blooded
- Have _____________ to keep constant body _______________________
- Young feeds on milk produced by mothers ____________________________________ -
Body parts that produce milk.
- Reproduce via _______________________________________ (fertilization & development
occur inside mother)
3 Types of Mammal Development
- ____________________ mothers body (humans)
- In _____________________ (kangaroos, opossum)
- Inside __________________ (duck-billed platypus)